{"id":301926,"date":"2024-07-30T13:53:31","date_gmt":"2024-07-30T12:53:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/pfas-in-the-environment\/"},"modified":"2024-07-30T13:53:31","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T12:53:31","slug":"pfas-in-the-environment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/pfas-in-the-environment\/","title":{"rendered":"PFAS in the Environment: Analysis &amp; Methodology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"page-header-block-wrapper fullwidth-block\">\n    <div class=\"acf-page-header\" style=\"background-image: url('https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pfas-header-image.png'); \">\n        <div class=\"overlay\"><\/div>\n        <div class=\"acf-page-header-container\">\n                            <div class=\"image-wrapper\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/atomic-structure-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\" \/>\n                <\/div>\n                        <h1>PFAS in the Environment: Analysis &amp; Methodology<\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.page-header-block-wrapper{\n    margin-bottom: 60px;\n}\n\n.fullwidth-block {\n    max-width: none !important;\n    width: 100vw !important;\n    position: relative;\n    padding:0px;\n    left: 50%;\n    right: 50%;\n    margin-left: -50vw;\n    margin-right: -50vw;\n}\n\n.acf-page-header {\n    background-size: cover;\n    background-position: center;\n    display: flex;\n    position: relative;\n    min-height: 250px; \n}\n\n.acf-page-header-container{\n    margin: 0 auto;\n    padding: 48px 24px;\n    display: flex;\n    flex-direction: column;\n    justify-content: end;\n    align-items: center;\n}\n\n.acf-page-header .overlay {\n    position: absolute;\n    top: 0;\n    left: 0;\n    right: 0;\n    bottom: 0;\n    background: linear-gradient(to top, var(--global-palette4), transparent);\n    z-index: 1;\n}\n\n.acf-page-header-container .image-wrapper{\n    position:relative;\n    height: 70px;\n    width: 70px;\n    background: var(--global-palette4);\n    border-radius: 50%;\n    z-index: 1;\n}\n\n.acf-page-header-container img{\n    position: absolute;\n    top: 50%;\n    left: 50%;\n    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\n    max-width:40px;\n    z-index: 2;\n}\n\n.acf-page-header h1 {\n    display:block;\n    position: relative;\n    z-index: 2;\n    color:white;\n    text-align: center;\n}\n\n@media (min-width: 1025px) {\n    .acf-page-header-container{\n        width: 1290px;\n    }\n    \n}\n\n@media (max-width: 1024px) {\n    .acf-page-header-container {\n        align-self: end;\n    }\n    .acf-page-header .overlay {\n        background: linear-gradient(to top, var(--global-palette4), transparent);\n    }\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .acf-page-header .overlay {\n        background: linear-gradient(to top, var(--global-palette4), transparent);\n    }\n    .acf-page-header h1 {\n        font-size:28px;\n    }\n}\n\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances)<\/strong> are a family of thousands of synthetic chemicals. Industries have been producing these since the 1940s. The most well-known compounds include <strong>PFOS<\/strong>, <strong>PFOA<\/strong>, and their <strong>salts<\/strong>. These substances have unique properties, such as resistance to water, oils, fats, and high temperatures, which led to their widespread use. However, these same properties have raised significant <strong>environmental and human health concerns<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PFAS are <strong>persistent contaminants<\/strong>. Scientists call them &#8220;Forever Chemicals&#8221; or &#8220;Persistent Mobile Organic Compounds&#8221; because the fluorine-carbon bond in these substances is extremely difficult to break down in both humans and the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PFAS pose risks to human health and the environment. They are present in various matrices, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/pfas-water\/\">water<\/a>, soil, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/pfas-air\/\">air<\/a>, waste, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/laboratory-testing\/contaminants-and-residues\/pfas-in-food-packaging-and-water\/\">food, and food contact materials<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af5d9dc2fb8c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af5d9dc2fb8c\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"431\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" 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.5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-110998_21009d-af .kt-block-spacer{height:60px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-110998_21009d-af .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#eee;width:80%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-110998_21009d-af\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><hr class=\"kt-divider\"\/><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-an-approach-still-not-globally-harmonized\"><strong>An Approach Still Not Globally Harmonized<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><text x=\"-9999\" y=\"-9999\"><\/text><path d=\"M37.5324 16.8707C37.9808 15.5241 38.1363 14.0974 37.9886 12.6859C37.8409 11.2744 37.3934 9.91076 36.676 8.68622C35.6126 6.83404 33.9882 5.3676 32.0373 4.4985C30.0864 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fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path>Governments and organizations worldwide are addressing the issue of PFAS in the environment, but their approaches remain non-harmonized:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:16px\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the <strong>United States<\/strong>, the approach to <strong>water<\/strong> contamination is the most comprehensive. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPA<\/a> developed a strategic roadmap years ago, establishing health advisory levels as reference limits for PFAS presence in water.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>China<\/strong>, official test methods exist, but there are <strong>no specific laws<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>Australia<\/strong>, a recent epidemiological study has raised public awareness, but <strong>no regulations<\/strong> regarding PFAS usage are in place.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>Europe<\/strong>, authorities have classified PFAS as <strong>Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)<\/strong> and restricted the use and marketing of certain molecules. However, the <strong>regulations vary<\/strong> depending on the specific context.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-110998_258afa-9b .kt-block-spacer{height:60px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-110998_258afa-9b .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#eee;width:80%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-110998_258afa-9b\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><hr class=\"kt-divider\"\/><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-pfas-in-the-environment-a-subject-in-rapid-evolution\">PFAS in the Environment: <strong>A Subject in Rapid Evolution<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Authorities have added new PFAS molecules to the list of POPs, and legislation related to food and packaging is evolving. Due to the mobility of these contaminants across various matrices, authorities will likely introduce more regulations on PFAS concentration limits and shared analytical methods in the coming years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-medium-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/pfas-acqua_eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-110999\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">For <strong>water intended for human consumption<\/strong>, <a href=\"http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2020\/2184\/oj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EU Directive 2020\/2184<\/a> addresses emerging contaminants. These are substances that are minimally or not at all regulated in a harmonized way in Europe, but pose serious safety concerns due to their widespread presence and associated health risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Using <strong>various international and accredited methods<\/strong>, we perform PFAS analysis in <strong>drinking water<\/strong>, as well as in <strong>wastewater and groundwater<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/pfas-rifiuti_eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-111009\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The POPs list includes PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, along with their salts and derivatives. This applies to the classification and management of <strong>waste<\/strong>, including its disposal in landfills, and regulates waste that consists of, contains, or is contaminated by these substances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>We monitor PFAS in waste<\/strong> in accordance with regulations, particularly focusing on those PFAS considered as POPs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/pfas-aria_eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-111020\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">PFAS can spread through <strong>environmental emissions<\/strong>. Monitoring their presence in the <strong>air<\/strong> is essential to understanding their mobility across different environmental compartments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">We use the US <strong>EPA OTM 45 method<\/strong>, which is the primary reference for sampling PFAS in air emissions. We use this performance-based method to collect and analyze specific semi-volatile and particulate PFAS from stationary emission sources.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile has-medium-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/pfas-nel-suolo_eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-111030\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Studies show that PFAS concentrations in <strong>soils<\/strong> at contaminated sites are often significantly higher than in groundwater. PFAS have been detected in soils worldwide, indicating that soil acts as a <strong>major reservoir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">This is a critical issue that we can monitor with specialized analytical methods.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/pfas-antincendio_eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-111040\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Firefighting foams<\/strong>, which were\u2014and in some cases still are\u2014made with PFAS, are responsible for many instances of PFAS contamination in Europe and the US, affecting both soil and drinking water. As a result, regulatory initiatives are evolving globally to limit their use in such applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">We analyze firefighting foams, along with water and soil from areas where they were used. Our approach ranges from <strong>targeted techniques<\/strong> to broader methods, including <strong>precursor analysis<\/strong> and projects aimed at supporting management plans to address identified risks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/pfas-foodpackcosmesi_eng.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-111050\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4\/3;object-fit:cover\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9rieux NutriSciences has extensive knowledge of PFAS, thanks to years of experience in areas contaminated by these substances. We participate in technical panels and proficiency tests, and we regularly collaborate with stakeholders and working groups to discuss PFAS techniques, limits, and monitored molecules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">For this reason, we conduct analyses in various matrices beyond environmental samples, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:16px\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/laboratory-testing\/contaminants-and-residues\/pfas-in-food-packaging-and-water\/\">Food<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Packaging and food contact materials<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Cosmetics<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-pfas-in-the-environment-our-methodology\"><strong>PFAS in the Environment: Our <\/strong>Methodology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most well-known PFAS compounds are monitored using <strong>conventional targeted analysis<\/strong>. This approach provides <strong>quantitative data<\/strong> and <strong>ensures compliance<\/strong> with legislation when a precise list of molecules is available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The new challenge is <strong>managing a wide range of emerging contaminants<\/strong>, including dangerous PFAS or their precursors, while <strong>ensuring they remain part of the target<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n        <div class=\"wp-block-accordion\">\n            \n                                    <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown\" data-nqis=\"Dropdown\">\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"small\"><\/div>\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"large\"><\/div>\n    \n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler nq-c-Heading nq-u-blue\" data-lvl=\"3\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-txt\">Target Analysis<\/span>\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-icon\">\n                                \n                                <span class=\"icon-minus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20.000000pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M936 2697 c-109 -61 -106 -221 5 -277 38 -20 66 -20 1619 -20 1553 0\n1581 0 1619 20 113 57 113 223 0 280 -38 20 -66 20 -1621 20 l-1583 0 -39 -23z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"icon-plus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M2480 4288 c-18 -13 -43 -36 -54 -51 -21 -28 -21 -35 -24 -773 l-2\n-744 -744 -2 c-738 -3 -745 -3 -773 -24 -98 -73 -98 -195 0 -268 28 -21 35\n-21 773 -24 l744 -2 2 -744 c3 -738 3 -745 24 -773 73 -98 195 -98 268 0 21\n28 21 35 24 773 l2 744 744 2 c738 3 745 3 773 24 98 73 98 195 0 268 -28 21\n-35 21 -773 24 l-744 2 -2 744 c-3 738 -3 745 -24 773 -35 48 -82 73 -134 73\n-32 0 -57 -7 -80 -22z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                \n                            <\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-menu\" hidden>\n                                                            <p>M\u00e9rieux NutriSciences can perform <strong>targeted analysis on 100 PFAS<\/strong> using LC\/MS\/MS, LC-HRMS, and GC\/MS\/MS.<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n    \n                                                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            \n                                    <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown\" data-nqis=\"Dropdown\">\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"small\"><\/div>\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"large\"><\/div>\n    \n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler nq-c-Heading nq-u-blue\" data-lvl=\"3\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-txt\">AOF<\/span>\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-icon\">\n                                \n                                <span class=\"icon-minus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20.000000pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M936 2697 c-109 -61 -106 -221 5 -277 38 -20 66 -20 1619 -20 1553 0\n1581 0 1619 20 113 57 113 223 0 280 -38 20 -66 20 -1621 20 l-1583 0 -39 -23z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"icon-plus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M2480 4288 c-18 -13 -43 -36 -54 -51 -21 -28 -21 -35 -24 -773 l-2\n-744 -744 -2 c-738 -3 -745 -3 -773 -24 -98 -73 -98 -195 0 -268 28 -21 35\n-21 773 -24 l744 -2 2 -744 c3 -738 3 -745 24 -773 73 -98 195 -98 268 0 21\n28 21 35 24 773 l2 744 744 2 c738 3 745 3 773 24 98 73 98 195 0 268 -28 21\n-35 21 -773 24 l-744 2 -2 744 c-3 738 -3 745 -24 773 -35 48 -82 73 -134 73\n-32 0 -57 -7 -80 -22z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                \n                            <\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-menu\" hidden>\n                                                            <p>This method is useful as an initial screening to provide a quick overview of the amount of fluorinated organic compounds present. It can be followed by targeted analysis of individual PFAS. The analysis is performed in aqueous matrices using combustion ion chromatography (CIC).<\/p>\n<p>The method is recommended by the EPA under the Clean Water Act (CWA), and since July 2023, AOF has been mandatory in wastewater for many industries in France.<\/p>\n    \n                                                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            \n                                    <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown\" data-nqis=\"Dropdown\">\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"small\"><\/div>\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"large\"><\/div>\n    \n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler nq-c-Heading nq-u-blue\" data-lvl=\"3\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-txt\">Total Fluorine &#038; Total Organic Fluorine<\/span>\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-icon\">\n                                \n                                <span class=\"icon-minus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20.000000pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M936 2697 c-109 -61 -106 -221 5 -277 38 -20 66 -20 1619 -20 1553 0\n1581 0 1619 20 113 57 113 223 0 280 -38 20 -66 20 -1621 20 l-1583 0 -39 -23z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"icon-plus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M2480 4288 c-18 -13 -43 -36 -54 -51 -21 -28 -21 -35 -24 -773 l-2\n-744 -744 -2 c-738 -3 -745 -3 -773 -24 -98 -73 -98 -195 0 -268 28 -21 35\n-21 773 -24 l744 -2 2 -744 c3 -738 3 -745 24 -773 73 -98 195 -98 268 0 21\n28 21 35 24 773 l2 744 744 2 c738 3 745 3 773 24 98 73 98 195 0 268 -28 21\n-35 21 -773 24 l-744 2 -2 744 c-3 738 -3 745 -24 773 -35 48 -82 73 -134 73\n-32 0 -57 -7 -80 -22z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                \n                            <\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-menu\" hidden>\n                                                            <p>The total fluorine in an entire sample is measured through integrated direct combustion. In combination with a separate measurement of inorganic fluorine extracted in water before combustion, it is possible to determine total, organic, and inorganic fluorine levels.<\/p>\n<p>This is a rapid, accurate, and highly sensitive method, although not specific. It serves as a reference to demonstrate the absence of intentionally added fluorine, such as in packaging or firefighting foams.<\/p>\n    \n                                                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            \n                                    <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown\" data-nqis=\"Dropdown\">\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"small\"><\/div>\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"large\"><\/div>\n    \n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler nq-c-Heading nq-u-blue\" data-lvl=\"3\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-txt\">TOP Assay (Total Oxidizable Precursors)<\/span>\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-icon\">\n                                \n                                <span class=\"icon-minus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20.000000pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M936 2697 c-109 -61 -106 -221 5 -277 38 -20 66 -20 1619 -20 1553 0\n1581 0 1619 20 113 57 113 223 0 280 -38 20 -66 20 -1621 20 l-1583 0 -39 -23z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"icon-plus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M2480 4288 c-18 -13 -43 -36 -54 -51 -21 -28 -21 -35 -24 -773 l-2\n-744 -744 -2 c-738 -3 -745 -3 -773 -24 -98 -73 -98 -195 0 -268 28 -21 35\n-21 773 -24 l744 -2 2 -744 c3 -738 3 -745 24 -773 73 -98 195 -98 268 0 21\n28 21 35 24 773 l2 744 744 2 c738 3 745 3 773 24 98 73 98 195 0 268 -28 21\n-35 21 -773 24 l-744 2 -2 744 c-3 738 -3 745 -24 773 -35 48 -82 73 -134 73\n-32 0 -57 -7 -80 -22z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                \n                            <\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-menu\" hidden>\n                                                            <p>This method monitors many <strong>PFAS precursors and intermediates<\/strong>. These can be converted into PFAS-related chemicals through oxidation. The TOP assay converts them into stable PFAS with established analytical standards.<\/p>\n    \n                                                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            \n                                    <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown\" data-nqis=\"Dropdown\">\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"small\"><\/div>\n                        <div data-nqdisplay=\"large\"><\/div>\n    \n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler nq-c-Heading nq-u-blue\" data-lvl=\"3\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-txt\">From Suspect to Non-Target Analysis<\/span>\n                            <span class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-toggler-icon\">\n                                \n                                <span class=\"icon-minus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20.000000pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M936 2697 c-109 -61 -106 -221 5 -277 38 -20 66 -20 1619 -20 1553 0\n1581 0 1619 20 113 57 113 223 0 280 -38 20 -66 20 -1621 20 l-1583 0 -39 -23z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"icon-plus-accordion\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD SVG 20010904\/\/EN\"\n \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2001\/REC-SVG-20010904\/DTD\/svg10.dtd\">\n<svg version=\"1.0\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n width=\"20pt\" height=\"20pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512.000000 512.000000\"\n preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\">\n\n<g transform=\"translate(0.000000,512.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)\"\nfill=\"#000000\" stroke=\"none\">\n<path d=\"M2480 4288 c-18 -13 -43 -36 -54 -51 -21 -28 -21 -35 -24 -773 l-2\n-744 -744 -2 c-738 -3 -745 -3 -773 -24 -98 -73 -98 -195 0 -268 28 -21 35\n-21 773 -24 l744 -2 2 -744 c3 -738 3 -745 24 -773 73 -98 195 -98 268 0 21\n28 21 35 24 773 l2 744 744 2 c738 3 745 3 773 24 98 73 98 195 0 268 -28 21\n-35 21 -773 24 l-744 2 -2 744 c-3 738 -3 745 -24 773 -35 48 -82 73 -134 73\n-32 0 -57 -7 -80 -22z\"\/>\n<\/g>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n                                \n                            <\/span>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"nq-c-Dropdown-menu\" hidden>\n                                                            <p>To study the vast quantity of PFAS compounds that might be present in a sample, the analysis can be limited to a screening list of potential candidates, even in the absence of standards.<\/p>\n<p>Among the thousands of molecules identified, only those matching the list of interest or &#8220;suspected&#8221; compounds will be evaluated and confirmed at varying levels. Suspect screening focuses on the so-called &#8220;known unknowns,&#8221; where names and structures are well-defined and suspected to be present in the sample.<\/p>\n<p>The next step is <strong>non-target analysis<\/strong>. The challenge for the coming years will be preparing to investigate the &#8220;unknown unknowns&#8221; (compounds that cannot be predicted) through high-level instrumental analysis. This will allow for possible hypotheses about the molecules present, based on the obtained results.<\/p>\n    \n                                                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"h-ask-our-experts-to-find-the-best-solution\"><strong>Ask our experts to find the best solution!<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/contact\/\"><strong>Contact us<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"page-cards-block-wrapper fullwidth-block\">   \n    <div class=\"page-cards-title-container\"> \n        <h2>Read more on PFAS<\/h2>    \n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"full-width-row-page-cards-wrapper\">\n        <div class=\"page-cards-container\">\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/laboratory-testing\/contaminants-and-residues\/pfas-in-food-packaging-and-water\/\" class=\"card\">\n                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/PFAS-blue.png\" alt=\"PFAS in Food, Packaging &#038; Water\" class=\"card-icon\"\/>\n                                        <div class=\"card-content\">\n                        <span>PFAS in Food, Packaging &#038; Water<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                                <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>    \n   \n\n<style>\n.fullwidth-block {\n    max-width: none !important;\n    width: 100vw !important;\n    position: relative;\n    padding:0px;\n    \/* left: 50%;\n    right: 50%;\n    margin-left: -50vw;\n    margin-right: -50vw; *\/\n}\n\n.page-cards-title-container{\n    max-width: 1290px;\n    margin: 100px auto 150px auto;\n    padding-left: var(--global-content-edge-padding);\n    padding-right: var(--global-content-edge-padding);\n}\n.page-cards-title-container h2{\n    color:var(--global-palette4);\n    text-align: center;\n}\n.full-width-row-page-cards-wrapper{\n    background-color: var(--global-palette4);\n}\n.page-cards-container{\n    max-width:1290px;\n    margin: 0 auto;\n    display: flex;\n    gap: 20px;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n    padding: 0 12px;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n}\n.card {\n    display: flex;\n    transform: translate(0px, -100px);\n    flex-direction: column;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: center;\n    width: 200px;\n    height: 200px;\n    background-color: white;\n    text-decoration: none;\n    color: black;\n    border: 1px solid #ccc;\n    padding: 10px;\n    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n    border-radius: 8px;\n    overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n.card-icon {\n    align-self: center;\n    width: 80px; \n    height: auto;\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\n.card-content{\n    display:flex;\n    justify-content: center;\n}\n\n.card-content span{\n    color:var(--global-palette3);\n    text-align: center;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n    margin: 5px 0;\n    line-height: 1.2em;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    font-weight:bold;\n}\n\n.card:hover {\n    animation: all ease-in-out 0.3s;\n    transform: scale(.95) translate(0px, -100px);\n    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 767px) {\n    .page-cards-container {\n        flex-direction: column;\n        align-items: center;\n    }\n    .page-cards-title-container{\n        text-align: center;\n    }\n    \n}\n\n@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {\n    .page-cards-container {\n        flex-wrap: wrap;\n        justify-content: space-around;\n    }\n    .page-cards-title-container{\n        text-align: center;\n    }\n\n}\n\n<\/style>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are a family of thousands of synthetic chemicals. Industries have been producing these since the 1940s. The most well-known compounds include PFOS, PFOA, and their salts. These substances have unique properties, such as resistance to water, oils, fats, and high temperatures, which led to their widespread use. However, these same&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":301927,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"service-page-testing-blue.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"folder":[],"class_list":["post-301926","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/pfas-header-image.png",1024,299,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"Alberto Asquini","author_link":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/author\/albertoa\/"},"comment_info":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/301926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=301926"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/301926\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/301927"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=301926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.merieuxnutrisciences.com\/za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/folder?post=301926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}